New Zealand team management said that Duoll would take the first available flight home and that there will be no replacement for him.
The 28-year-old right-arm fast bowler failed a fitness Test on his injury which he recurred while playing in the first Test against Sri Lanka at the R. Premadasa Stadium two weeks ago. He missed the second Test played at Galle as a result.
Since making his Test debut in 1992, Doull with a history of injuries behind him has missed 24 of New Zealand's 48 Tests.
New Zealand captain Stephen Fleming said that Doull's absence may not be felt as the pitches encountered on the tour so far are conducive to spinners.
New Zealand have three other fast-medium bowlers on tour, Shayne O'Connor, Chris Cairns and Dion Nash.
The tourists who are tied one-all in the three-Test series will also participate in the Singer Independence trophy triangular tournament with Sri Lanka and India starting later this month.